en:glossarium
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- | Ingrédients pharmaceutiques actia | + | ==== Glossarium, glossary, glossaire ==== |
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+ | |**Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). ** Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) refers to the chemical substance in a drug that has a biological and therapeutic (beneficial) effect.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Antibiotic. ** A substance produced by a microorganism and/or by chemical synthesis that possesses the following characteristics: | ||
+ | |**Antimicrobial agent. ** An antimicrobial is a pharmaceutical (drug) or non-pharmaceutical substance (e.g. salt) substance that kills (microbiocide) or slows (microbiostatic) the growth of microbes such as bacteria (antibacterial activity), fungi (antimycotic activity), viruses (antiviral activity), or parasites (antiparasitic activity).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Antimicrobial resistance (AMR). ** A property of bacteria that confers the capacity to inactivate or exclude antibiotics (antimicrobial) or a mechanism that blocks the inhibitory or killing effects of antibiotics. Or the ability of bacteria to resist or overcome the deleterious effects of an antibiotic.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Broad spectrum antimicrobial. ** An antimicrobial effective against a large number of bacterial genera; generally describes antibiotics effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Canadian Defined Daily Doses for animals | ||
+ | |**Caution. ** Cauttion statement for the preparation of the medicated feed.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Collection. ** Volume bringing together writings of various origins.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Compounding. ** The combining or mixing together of two or more ingredients (of which at least one is an Active pharmaceutical ingredient _API) to create a final product in an appropriate form for dosing. Ingredients used for compounding can be pure raw material or the materials obtained from the alteration of the form and strength of a commercially available products. It can include reformulation to allow for a novel drug delivery. Compounding does not include mixing, reconstituting, | ||
+ | |**Condition (clinical signs). ** Clinical signs or animal condition that are proposed as a justification for the use of the pharmacological product registered in the Canadian compendium of veterinary products (ex: enteritis, bovine respiratory disease, porcine respiratory disease, etc.).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Condition (disease(s)). ** Disease name that is proposed as a justification for the use of the pharmacological product registered in the Canadian compendium of veterinary products (e.g. anthrax).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Condition (other(s)). ** Other justification (not a condition or a disease) for the use of the pharmacological product registered in the Canadian compendium of veterinary products (ex: anesthesia, vitamin C, Estrus, etc.).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Cross-resistance. ** Situation in which resistance to one drug is associated with resistance to another drug and due to a single biochemical mechanism.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Disease. ** An abnormal condition of a human, animal or plant that causes discomfort or dysfunction.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Dosage regimen (unit dose, frequency and duration). ** The dosage regimen is the modality of drug administration that is chosen to reach the therapeutic objective. This depends on the drug used, the condition to be treated, and the patient' | ||
+ | |**Dose or Unit Dose (différent frameworks) . ** The concept of a "Unit dose of a drug" is used in different referential frameworks related to drug use. For detailed information on the different interpretations see [[en: | ||
+ | |**Dose: Assumed average maintenance dose for animal medication statistics (ADDvet, mg/ | ||
+ | |**Dose: Defined Daily Dose for human medication statistics (DDD < | ||
+ | |**Dose: Used Daily Dose (actual) for monitoring of drug use in animals (UDDvet, mg/kg/day). ** Used Daily Dose (UDD) or actual administered doses per day per kilogram per animal of a drug within a herd (actual administered dose/ | ||
+ | |**Drug package insert. ** A package insert is a document included in the package of a medication that provides information about that drug and its use. For prescription medications, | ||
+ | |**Drugs. ** According to the Canadian Food and Drug Act, a drug includes any substance or mixture of substances manufactured, | ||
+ | |**Duration of prescription. ** Duration of drug administration (single dose, 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 21 days).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Extra-label use (ELDU). ** Actual or intended use of a drug in an animal in a manner that is not in accordance with the approved labelling. This includes, but is not limited to: - use in species not listed in the labelling - use for indications (disease or other conditions) not listed in the labelling - use at dosage levels, frequencies, | ||
+ | |**Feeding instructions. ** Feeding instructions or directions for use of the feed which should include the period of medication during which the feed is to be fed to the livestock.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Frequency. ** Single dose, once a day (sid), twice a day (bid), ad lib in food, etc.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Glossary. ** Dictionary of ancient terms.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Immunization. ** The process of rendering a subject immune or of becoming immune, either by conventional vaccination or exposure.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Indication. ** An indication should specifically refer to the disease(s), medical condition(s) or prophylactic measure(s) the drug is authorized to treat or manage and include the patient population that the drug is intended to treat or manage.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Indication (proof) of a disease. ** Sign making the existence of a thing probable (illness).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Information for the health professional. ** The information described in Part I (Health Professional Information) of the product monograph contains prescribing information , and serves the following purposes: 1) It identifies the information to be provided if a package insert is included with a new drug product; 2) It identifies information to be provided as part of all professional material and that may be used for promotional and advertising purposes, other than in the case of reminder notices In Addition to Part I, the information described in Part III (Patient Medication Information) may also be provided as part of the package insert for a new drug product.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Information for the preparation of medicated water. ** Information for the person who will prepare the medicated water (farm worker).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Information for the preparation of the medicated feed. ** Information for the person who will prepare the medicated feed (feed mill staff).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Information for the user of the drug. ** Information for the person who will prepare and administer the medication to the animal (e.g. animal health technician, farm worker, etc.).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Information provided by the pharmaceutical company. ** Information found in the drug package insert and in other official documentation such as the one found in the Compendium of veterinary products (canadian edtion).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Label (Health Canada). ** The labels for drug products include package labels such as package inserts, prescribing information, | ||
+ | |**List. ** Series of analogous elements put one after the other.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Manufacturing instructions. ** Special manufacturing instructions including necessary mill clean up warnings, if any.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). ** Lowest antimicrobial drug concentration required to inhibit bacterial growth after an overnight in vitro incubation MIC is used to confirm or monitor bacterial resistance. Resistance is observed when the MIC is higher than the defined breakpoint of resistance associated with each bacterial isolate.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Multidrug resistance. ** Multidrug resistance (multiple drug resistance) is considered through the CIPARS report designating the phenotypes that display resistance to more than one structurally unrelated class of antimicrobials regardless of the resistance mechanisms involved. This can be resulting from cross-resistance and/or co-resistance mechanisms.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Number of individual daily doses (n&DD) for a standardized body weight.. ** The number of individual daily doses (n& | ||
+ | |**Patient. ** Anyone who uses medical or paramedical services, whether sick or not.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Patient medication information. ** The Patient Medication Information section is a plain-language translation of information contained in Parts I (information for the health professional) and II (scientific information) of the product monograph. Plain language means using the simplest, most common words possible, so that information is clear, concise and easy to understand for the intended audience.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Pharmaceutical form (dosage form). ** A pharmaceutical form or dosage form refers to the individual form under which the active ingredients and the excipients (inactive materials) are placed to form a drug (eg capsule, suspension, premix, etc.). The information on the dosage form is usually accompanied by the strength of the active ingredient in the pharmaceutical form For example: 500 mg capsule, 250 mg / 5 ml suspension, premix for foods at 22 g / kg, etc.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Pharmaceutical form x strenght. ** Pharamceutical form + strength.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Potency (pharmacology). ** In the field of pharmacology, | ||
+ | |**Prescribed quantity. ** Type and amount of feed to be manufactured (the amount of feed manufactured does not exceed the amount that would normally be consumed by the number of animals prescribed to receive the feed during the prescribed period of medication).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Prescription (precept, rule). ** What is prescribed.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Product Monograph. ** A Product Monograph is a factual, scientific document on a drug product that, devoid of promotional material, describes the properties, claims, indications and conditions of use of the drug and contains any other information that may be required for optimal, safe and effective use of the drug. The Product Monograph consists of three sections: Part 1 - Health Professional Information, | ||
+ | |**Responsible and judicious use of antibiotics (user). ** Antibiotics should be used as little as possible but as much as necessary. When they are needed, we have to choose the right product at the right dose for the right duration.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Responsible and judicious use of antibiotics (vetrinarian). ** Once a determination is made that use of antimicrobials is indicated, the veterinarian must optimize therapeutic efficacy and minimize resistance to antimicrobials to protect public and animal health.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Route of administration. ** Indicates the part of the body on which, through which or into which the product is to be introduced (eg oral, topical, intramuscular, | ||
+ | |**Signs. ** Sign making the existence of a thing probable (disease).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Strenght of the dosage form. ** The strength of a drug is the amount of active ingredient found in the pharmaceutical form of the drug. Dosage of a drug is usually part of the description of the dosage form (eg, 500 mg capsule, 250 mg / 5 mL suspension, premix for foods at 22 g / kg, etc.).[[en: | ||
+ | |**Therapeutic effect. ** Therapeutic effect refers to the responses(s) after a treatment of any kind, the results of which are judged to be useful or favorable.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Type of feed. ** Type of feed (starter, grower, etc.).[[en: | ||
+ | |**User. ** The one who uses.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Veterinary Practitioner. ** Name and coordinates of the veterinary practitioner.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Veterinary–Client–Patient Relationship (VCPR). ** A VCPR exists when all of the following conditions have been met: 1. The veterinarian has assumed the responsibility for making clinical judgments regarding the health of the animal(s) and the need for medical treatment, and the client has agreed to follow the veterinarian’s instructions. 2 .The veterinarian has sufficient knowledge of the animal(s) to initiate at least a general or preliminary diagnosis of the medical condition of the animal(s) This means that the veterinarian has recently seen and is personally acquainted with the keeping and care of the animal(s) by virtue of an examination of the animal(s) or by medically appropriate and timely visits to the premises where the animal(s) are kept. 3. The veterinarian is readily available for follow-up evaluation, or has arranged for emergency coverage, in the event of adverse reactions or failure of the treatment regimen.[[en: | ||
+ | |**Warning. ** Warning statement for the preparation of the medicated feed.[[en: | ||
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